考博英语：博士生入学英语考试写作试题说明

    根据教育部1992年颁布的《研究生英语教学大纲》（以下简称大纲《大纲》的要求：非英语专业博士研究生英语入学水平原则上 应达到或高于硕士生的通过水平。《大纲》中对硕士生的写作要求是;掌握基本写作技能（如文章结构、段落展开和起承转合等），能按具体要求，在一小时内写出250词左右的短文，正确表达思想，语意连贯，无重大语言错误。

第一部分 写作文的要求，评分标准及考试中普遍存在的问题
一 考试要求

1．文章内容切题。审题准确,不跑题。

2．表达清楚。语言简洁、准确、说理清楚,读者能从作文内容清楚理解作者写作意图。

3．意义连贯。 文字连贯、层次分明、意义表达完整。要使文章意义连贯必须具有一定的技能，包括较强的语感，遣词造句能力和文章谋篇布局的组织能力；

4．语言规范。符合英语表达的习惯、语法错误较少、语言基本功扎实，最终避免中式英语。

二 作文的评分标准及样卷介绍

14 分: 内容符合要求, 包括了标题或提纲中的全部内容;语言流畅;层次分明,句式有变化。词汇丰富,句子结构和用词准确,文章长度符合要求。

11分：内容符合要求，包括了标题或提纲中的全部内容；文字连贯，句式有一定变化，句子结构和用词无重大错误，文章长度符合要求。

8分：内容符合要求，包括了标题或提纲中多数内容；基本清楚表达的主题的内涵；句子结构和用词有少量错误，个别是大错。文章长度符合要求。

5 分： 内容基本切题，基本表达了标题或提纲中的内容；文字连贯，语言可以理解，但有较多的结构和用词错误，且大错较多。文章长度基本符合要求。

2 分： 基本切题，但语句支离破碎，只有少数句子可以理解。

0 分： 文不切题。只将预先背诵的某篇文章默写下来，或语句混乱，无法理解。

附：14 分样卷

Topic： With her entry into WTO, China is being plunged into an international competition for talents, and in particular, for higher- level talents. To face this new challenge, China must do something, among other things, to reform her graduate(postgraduate) education system. State your opinion aobut this reform, and give the solid supporting details to your viewpoint.   

With China’s entry into WTO, she is facing a lot of chances and challenges in many aspects. As far as talents are concerned, China is being plunged into an international competition for talents, especially for higher-level talents. In order to adapt this new challenge, China must do something, among other things, to reform her graduate education system.

In my opinion, we must make some reform and adjustment in graduate education system in many aspects as follows. First of all, from the view of the government, it must adjust its policy of using talents, especially higher-level talents. For example, it may provide many privileges for them.

Secondly, for the viewpoint of the universities, they should adjust their constructure of curriculum. They should pay more attention to the cultivation of graduate’s capability. They should take effective measures to direct their educational goal from exam-oriented education to education for all-round development. Finally, as far as personnel is concerned, a student should pay more attention to the learning of all kinds of knowledge to meet the needs of society.

In a word, it is high time that we reformed the graduate education system. If we do not make some changes in the graduate education system, we may be failure in the international competition. So we must reform our graduate education system. (219 words)

点评： 该文紧扣主题，结构严谨，内容充实，语言流畅，句式变化多样。虽有个别小错，但英语表达能力较强，长度符合要求。

万能框架

As is implied in the table (or cartoon) and well known to all of us,  Take in the table(cartoon) for example, it; for the; to; But when;

On the other hand, there do exist some; that; They are making all possible means to ; and trying their best to; Compared with what those , It's a pity that; And what's more, with the deepening and furthering of our country's opening and reforming, more; are allowed to; With China entering the WTO, ; are also permitted to … If still blind to this, the ; is sure to; So, its urgent and essential for ; to analyze; more rationally and macroscopically.It must keep in mind that ; should never be unheard.

Although the condition is unsatisfactory now, with the awareness of the in the table (or cartoon) and all the society efforts, improvement and an even brighter future are not only possible but also inevitable.